Contents:
1 Ethical/Moral Implications of Articial Intelligence
2 Why is Articial intelligence ethic?
3 Comparing the articial intellegence and natural intellegence
4 The Articial Intelligence Applications Institutes (AIAI)
EthicalMoral Implications of Articial Intelligence
Chapter 1
Ethical/Moral Implications of Articial Intelligence
Articial Intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science where scientists try to create
machines, behaviours of which could be considered as intelligent. Since previous times,
human introduced the intelligence machines and today with the advantages of the new
computer technology becaming actuality.. For example;
Machines can mimic human thought,understand speech, beat the best human
chessplayer, and countless other feats never before possible. (Burns 2002)
Human learned AI with John McCarthy,he said about AI "Machines with clever engineering
and the sciences." In 1956 John McCarthy accepted organized a conference to
draw the talent and research of others interested in machine intelligence for a month
of brainstorming. The name of conference is "The Dartmouth summer research project
on articial intelligence." From that point on, because of McCarthy, the eld would be
known as Articial intelligence. Then in 1997,company of Electrolux show the rst vacuum
cleaner in Londra but it has some di erences than the others. It's cordless and
it cleans everywhere without nobody on the control. With the help of AI,it which has
radar can realise everything to cleaning. In Japan, people use machines which has AI
for building metro because of need huge poverty. Only AI do not use computer and electronic
world,also it use in moviement of media. For instance;books such as Mary Shelley's
Frankenstein or movies such asThe Terminator and Matrix presented grim scenarios for
future of articial intelligence.Three basic fears that could lead to these \takeovers" were
discussed.Because the robots which has made by people start a war to creator in movies.
As a result of that come to humans minds 'Can AI is ethic?'. (McCarty 0037)
To regarded how does articial intelligent systems work we must realize that the brain
often time does not carry out an action or perform a task directly after the command
is given; instead, the brain of the AI suppose to do some processing. In rst machine,
memory of machine is empty of concepts and reaction rules. The articial intelligent
system is occured with main objective. With the help of this, the AI is programmed
can appear to sub-objectives. If it acquire some experiences,its memory start to full.
With its brain, the AI receives information from the senses. When machine see some
objects the brain of the system sense them. As the system receives more and more
information, expressed as concepts, the system builds up the present situation. Then
the brain control the memory to see if there are any reaction rules that might be related
to the information. For example;we say the word computer we connect to the word
mouse,scanner and keyboard then our brain conclude the word computer. Also machines
brain work like humans brain.As is seen,there is no not ethical on the AI mecanism of
work.
Chapter 2
Why is Articial intelligence ethic?
Articial intelligence will be assessed in terms of the ethical, has many reason. Firtsly;in
the event of articial intelligence,usually comes to mind is that AIs are convieneint for
humankind.When the machine do all people's work, then life is making easly. Also not
only make life easier,it would save lots of time because machines are more power than
people. This situation shows that AI benets for humankind.Therefore, people addict
the articial intelligence system. For example if the machines do all the people works
there is nothing to do for people,then people could be lazy. There is no doubt that this
is humans false and this is not means that AI is not ethical.
The other important e ective is economy in human life, the AI have control over the
economy people lose their jobs.But this not the end of the world,people work di erent
elds. Thus people do not lose their job and economy develope that may help society.
Another important issue about articial intelligence is memory. People do not have a
unlimited memory and they do not memorize every word. However, machines or robots
have unlimited memory to learned every word and it keep in mind.With the help of
articial intelligence systems people have a di erent kind of dictinary. If you have this
then you can look\verbots.com". When people create this website, they inspired by
Turing test whose creater is Alan M. Turing.
Chapter 3
Comparing the articial intellegence and natural intellegence
The potential importance and future horizons of Articial Intelligence can be perceived
better by comparing the articial intellegence and natural intellegence in certain areas.
• Articial intellegence is more perminent
Natural intellegence might change over time if the workers change places or people
who have natural intelligence might forget the information they have. On the other
hand, articial intellegance is permanent and it is impossible for the information to
be lost or forgotten unless computer systems and programs change.
• Articial intellegence can be easily copied and published widely
When natural intellegence is concerned, it takes a long apprenticeship period in
order for the expertise to pass from a person to another. Even if it is provided, the
expertise can not be transferred to another person strictly. Yet, if the information
is put into the computer system, it can easily be copied from a computer to another
and eld of use can be expanded.
• Articial Intelligence can be obtained cheaper than natural intelligence
In many areas, purchasing and using computers are much more cheaper than training
and employing people.
• Articial intellegence as being a computer technology is completely con-
sistent
Articial intellegence has no inconsistency; however, natural intellegence is unstable,
variable and irregular. This is due to human nature.
• Articial intelligence can be documented
The decisions made by the computer can easily be followed and documented. Production
of natural intelligence again is hard. For example, a person can not reach
the same decision after a period of time; he might not remember how he reached
that decision and the assumptions he made.
Considering all of these, there are certain areas in which natural intelligence is superior
than articial intelligence. Which can be listed as following:
• Natural intelligence is creative and fertile; there is no creativity and
fertility in articial intelligence
The ability to collect information is advantageof natural intelligence. The information
must be put into the system in the articial intelligence.
• Natural intelligence gives the advantage of learning by experience through
their senses and using them
On the other hand, articial intelligence systems mostly work with symbolic inputs.
• The most important advantage of the natural intelligence is the ratio-
nality of the human mind and the ability to use it with the experiences
to solve problems and encountered situations
The articial intelligence systems has to use the restricted solving techniques that
are provided to them.
(Klopy 1975)
When we compate between natural intelligence and artical intelligence, it is seen
that people gain advantage from artical intelligence.
Chapter 4
The Articial Intelligence Applications Institutes (AIAI)
The Articial Intelligence Applications Institutes(AIAI) does have lot of projects about
developping computers which can work without human input. Having more functionality
with the less human aids is an operation for AI technology. AUSDA and EGRESS will
discussed in the next part.
AUSDA is a program that checks the software if it is able to deal with tasks that
you need to be performed. If it is not enough or trustable AUSDA will lead you to nd
another good software which would better suits your needs. The software tries to give
the best solutions to problems like;
• Identifying the root causes of incidents in which the use of computer
software is involved.
• Studying di erent software development approaches and identifying aspects
of these which are relevant to those root causes producing guidelines
for using and improving the development approaches studied.
• Providing support in the integration of these approaches.
• Maintenance of safety critical software.
(Dyess 2001)
This technology is very useful and good news for the computer geeks. But there
exists also normal human being who are not able to think forward than mouses are the
computers foot pedal. EGRESS is created for these kind of people. This is a program which implements human reactions to accidents. Its aim to make a model of how people
do react while they are in panic. Even though the general idea is the people would fall
apart and cant move in the panic moments, the rates show that the people are more
aware of what they are doing when they are in hurry and panic. These new technology
products will help people to make smart and useful decisions in time of need.For example;
This program use the movie whose name is Articial Intelligence.When creator prickle
on robots hand, this robot give action like human and it takes its hand. If creator does
it again, this robot takes its hand.
What we learned so far is, AIAI is trying to develop computers and better humans.
The technology of AI will never replace man or woman but might be extended version of
human bodies which are able to make more sensible decisions in time of need, but there
is no doubt that with the help of Institutes like AIAI, we continue to stay step forward
into progress. (Dyess 2001)
In a conclusion, Artical intelligence is ethic because it benets from society because
machines who has artical intelligence system meet a needs for society. As it seen, in
future, with the help of artical intelligence, it make life easly.
Reference-List
Burns, A. (2002). Frankenstein of the Future.
chlorinehead (2006). Examining the Ethics behind Articial Intelligence.
Dyess, A. (2001). AIAI Teaching Computers Computers.
Klopy, H. (1975). Comparing the articial intellegence and natural intellegence.
McCarty, J. (20037). What is the Articial intelligence.
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